Comparative Policy Study of Deposit Insurance Systems in Indonesia and Türkiye: Between Flat Rate and Risk-Based Premiums
Kata Kunci:
penjaminan simpanan, stabilitas keuangan, premi berbasis risiko, premi flat rate, studi kebijakan komparatif, Indonesia, TürkiyeAbstrak
The deposit insurance system is widely recognised as a critical pillar of financial stability, yet its effectiveness depends heavily on how the premium structure is designed. This study employs a comparative policy analysis framework to examine and evaluate the implementation of deposit insurance systems in Indonesia and Türkiye. Drawing on the foundational conditions proposed by Demirgüç-Kunt and Kane (2002) and Özince (2004),namely limited coverage, institutional independence, inter-agency synergy, and risk-based premium policy. This article systematically assesses both systems across three indicators: (1) deposit insurance coverage limits; (2) inter-institutional cooperation and independence; and (3) premium policy and capital capacity. Data were gathered through a systematic review of legal regulations, annual reports of the Indonesia Deposit Insurance Corporation (IDIC) and the Savings Deposit Insurance Fund (SDIF) of Türkiye, and relevant academic literature. The findings reveal that while both institutions share broadly similar institutional architectures, operating independently under presidential accountability and participating in national financial stability committees, they differ fundamentally in their premium systems. SDIF has implemented a risk-based premium since 2009, which resulted in a deposit protection ratio of 9.1% in 2022. By contrast, IDIC continues to operate a flat rate-based premium, yielding a significantly lower protection ratio of 3.8% in the same year. This comparative evidence demonstrates that the risk-based premium model produces more resilient deposit insurance capacity. The article argues that Indonesia’s transition to a risk-based premium, catalysed by the forthcoming Banking Restructuring Premium (2025) and Policy Guarantee Programme (2028), represents an urgent policy imperative, and that the Türkiye model offers a practical reference for this transition.
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